一提到脸谱，你是不是会想到浓墨重彩的戏曲脸谱？事实上，社火脸谱堪称中国最古老的脸谱，在山东省会济南就有一种广受欢迎的侯氏社火脸谱。
When it comes to facial makeup, do you think of the vivid and colorful masks in traditional Chinese operas? In fact, Shehuo Facial Makeup can be considered as the oldest form of face painting in China, and there is a popular type called Houshi Shehuo Facial Makeup in Jinan, the capital of Shandong province.
“社火”指古代民间祭祀或节日里迎神赛会上的各种表演，社火的“社”是“土地之神”，“火”是“红火热闹”之意。社火脸谱指在社火活动中为准确扮演社火表演中人物的形象而在面部进行的彩绘及修饰等。
“Shehuo“ refers to various performances in ancient folk sacrificial activities or festive celebrations. The character“she“ represents the “god of the land,“ while “huo“ signifies liveliness and vibrancy.Shehuo Facial Makeup involves the facial painting and decoration used to accurately portray characters in Shehuo performances.
侯氏社火脸谱始于1820年，距今已有两百年，2021年入选山东省第五批省级非物质文化遗产名录。侯氏社火脸谱构图夸张，造型粗犷，色彩浓烈，兼具民族特色和现代气息，具有纯正的祈福、辟邪、向往美好生活的寓意。在内容上，主要有泰山奶奶、关公、舜帝、姜太公等；在设色上，以黑红两色为主；从载体上看，侯氏社火脸谱取材广泛，葫芦、木板、瓦当、青砖等都可作为材质。
Houshi Shehuo Facial Makeup originated in 1820, boasting a history of two hundred years. In 2021, it was included in the fifth batch of Shandong provincial intangible cultural heritage list.Houshi Shehuo Facial Makeup features exaggerated compositions, rugged shapes, intense colors, and combines ethnic characteristics with a modern flair. It embodies pure intentions of blessings, warding off evil, and yearning for a better life.In terms of content, it mainly includes characters such as Taishan Nainai (Grandmother of Mount Tai), Guan Gong (Guan Yu), Shun Di (Emperor Shun), and Jiang Taigong.The predominant colors used are black and red. As for materials, Houshi Shehuo Facial Makeup encompasses a wide range, including gourds, wooden boards, roof tiles, and bricks.
侯氏社火脸谱发展至今天，慢慢转变为老百姓家中的摆设的美术工艺品。当代传承人关照现代人的审美需求，结合国内外动漫、文创产品、国潮风等流行趋势，在传统脸谱的基础上创作出奥特曼、蜘蛛侠、十二生肖等一系列受青少年喜欢的面具。他们还曾受邀到中国香港、中国台湾、澳大利亚、韩国等地进行文化交流活动，为侯氏社火脸谱的保护和传承做出极大贡献。
Over time, Houshi Shehuo Facial Makeup has gradually transformed into an artistic craft decoration found in ordinary households. Contemporary inheritors consider the aesthetic demands of modern society and incorporate popular trends such as domestic and international animations, cultural and creative products, and national fashion.They have created a series of masks inspired by Ultraman, Spider-Man, the Chinese Zodiac, and other characters that resonate with young people while building upon the foundation of traditional face painting. Moreover, they have been invited to engage in cultural exchange activities in Hong Kong, Taiwan, Australia, South Korea, and other places, making significant contributions to the preservation and inheritance of Houshi Shehuo Facial Makeup.
侯氏社火脸谱记录了时代的发展与社会的变迁，在传承齐鲁文脉之时，绽放出质朴的光彩。
Houshi Shehuo Facial Makeup serves as a testament to the development of its era and the societal transformations that have taken place. While upholding the cultural heritage of the Qilu region, it radiates a captivating simplicity.
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视频：周溪琳
